Best diet for diabetics
Diabetes is one of the disorders that are affecting millions of people across the globe. It is the state where the blood sugar levels in the body are very high. Diabetes is of three types namely Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes and Gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is one where the cell producing insulin is completely destroyed. This type of diabetes is most commonly found in young adults and children. Type 2 diabetes occurs when body fails use the insulin. This is the most common type of diabetes, mostly found in adults. When a women diagnoses with diabetes during her pregnancy, though she never had diabetes earlier, is referred as gestational diabetes. This type of diabetes is temporary and the blood sugar levels come to normal state after the delivery. Whatever type of diabetes you are suffering from, it is very important to plan your diet as to control the blood glucose levels.
Food for diabetics
People suffering from diabetes should eat the food that supplies essential proteins, carbohydrates and fats. Below is the diet chart that is recommended to people suffering from all types of diabetes
Carbohydrates
• Fruits like pears, apple, peaches etc
• Vegetables including cauliflower, cloves, mushrooms etc
• Fenugreek and spinach
• Fiber rich food is very much beneficial for women suffering from gestational diabetes
Fats
• Sunflower oil, olive oil and soybean oil
• Salmon and tune fishes
Proteins
• Vegetables like soybeans, millets etc
• Peanuts, pine nuts and brazil nuts
• Lamb, beef and pork meat
Fruits for diabetes
Diabetes is one of the major problems that are seen in millions of people across the world. Diabetes may occur due to various reasons including hereditary or environmental reasons. Diet plays an important role in controlling blood sugar levels. Diabetic should follow a proper diet and skipping a single meal can increase the blood sugar levels. Even choosing the correct fruit plays an important role in keeping the blood sugar levels to normal. Select the fruits that are rich in fiber and less in sugar contents as there are some fruits, which will increase the blood sugar levels in the body. Some of the important fruits for diabetic patients are
Apple
This is one of the most beneficial fruits for diabetic patients. It is rich with vitamin B1, phosphorous and potassium. This fruit reduces the body’s insulin levels by atleast 35%. This fruit also acts as tonic and gives new energy ones you eat it.
Grape Fruit
One of the best citrus fruit we have in the market. People with high blood sugar are recommended to have grapes three times a day. Even people, who do not have diabetes, can even take the fruit to prevent diabetes. Even going for grape juice is also a best alternative. Have grape juice for two weeks and see how your blood sugar levels come down.
Jambul Fruit
This fruit is also called as rose apple and mush beneficial for diabetic patients. Even the seeds of this fruit works well for diabetic patients, dry the seeds and make powder. Now mix the powder in water and have three times a day to reduce sugar levels in urine.
Apart from the above fruits, some other fruits, which are beneficial for diabetic patients, are oranges, lemons, bitter melon, bananas and many more.
Diet Myths for Diabetes
Diabetes is caused due to imbalance in insulin levels in the body leading to high blood sugar levels. While following a diabetes diet one should follow many rules and needs to avoid many favorite foods. These factors are considered as the myths of the diabetes diet.
Now, lets us go in detail with the myths of diabetes and know some facts about the diet and diabetes.
Consumption of sugar causes diabetes; the causes of the diabetes are not yet understood. The only thing researchers can find out is whether eating much sugar will ultimately result in diabetes. Also diabetes is a caused due to damage of the ability of which turns food you eat into energy.
Various types of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes: this will occur when the body is unable to make insulin for the body. People who are suffering with type 1 diabetes should take insulin which will help to receive sugar in the cells. This type of diabetes will be found in children. When something goes wrong in the immune system this problem may occur.
Type-2 diabetes will occur when body is unable to produce sufficient insulin or the insulin may not work properly. People with overweight will experience type-2 diabetes. This problem may arise in most of the people.
Gestational diabetes will only occur in some pregnant women. Hormone changes in the body will lead to improper working of insulin. This problem gets solved after giving birth to the child.
Diabetic people should plan a balanced diet. One should get detailed information from their professional doctor.
Diabetes
The number of diseases is increasing day by day and people are in a dilemma as to which medicine to be taken and are in search of the best curable ones. Diabetes is the most common disease that is present right now. As the saying goes, Prevention is better than cure, is the best method that can be followed rather having troubles later. Diabetes is one such disease that is caused due to the improper use of insulin or incapability of utilizing the insulin by the cells. Diabetes is caused due to the increase in the blood sugar level. There are three types of diabetes. They are:
• Type1:- In type1 diabetes, required amounts of insulin is not secreted by the pancreatic gland in the diabetic patients due to pancreatic dysfunction. This type is mostly seen in young adults and also in children. This type is treated by giving sufficient insulin.
• Type2:-This type is due to the cells that are unable to utilize the insulin produced by the pancreas. This type is mostly seen in the old age people. But in the present day, found in the young ones also.
• Gestational:-This type is mostly seen in the pregnant women towards the end of the pregnancy and for some, this can fade away after the delivery. But these women may have the risk of developing diabetes 2 in their future life.
Hence being cautious and practicing the healthy habits can lead one to a happy and healthy life which helps them to be confident also.
Osteoporosis and Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus is a serious metabolic disorder that can affect at any age in humans. The following are the factors that are responsible for diabetes is fad diet, gene defect, inheritance, overweight, stress, chronic alcoholism, decrease in insulin levels and even environmental factors.
Osteoporosis is the condition in which the bone density of the patient s decreased and which may result in fragile or brittle bones. The chemical composition of bone is protein, calcium, phosphorous and even collagen. The fragile bones can break easily if there are under stress conditions. The fracture can be internal or external; it may be with complete cracking, mild cracking, or total collapsing.
The pathophysiology of the diabetic patients who are suffering with this osteoporosis is lower back pain, vertebral bending i.e. curving of spine especially in diabetic patients who above 75 years of age. Osteoporosis with fracture may lead to open wounds; if the blood sugar levels are increased they may suffer with infections of bacterial, fungal and other microbes.
Type-I Diabetic patients: Patients who are suffering with this juvenile diabetes mellitus, will have lower bone density due to increased effects on the secretions of insulin growth factors. If this condition worsens it may also lead to diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy and even libido.
Type-II Diabetic Patients: Patients who are suffering with this type of diabetes mellitus; due to over weight or excessive BMI. They suffer with brittleness of bone especially the hip and humerus joint. If this condition worsens it may also lead to diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy and even libido.
Insulin-Lispro Injection
• Insulin a natural polypeptide chain; it is a synthetic insulin similar to that of the natural human insulin. The main use of this Insulin-Lispro is used to treat diabetes mellitus i.e. type-I and type-II.
• The onset of action of this insulin is very fast when compared with the natural insulin; but the duration of action is very low. This insulin mixture cannot stay in the systemic circulation for longer time. This Insulin-Lispro injection can be used alone and with other oral hypoglycemic agents like glyburide and sulfonyl urease.
• By using this medication; patient can prevent from other severe complications like diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, and numbness of limbs, diabetic foot and ulceration of foot.
• Regular monitoring of the blood sugar levels, following diabetic diet, insulin regimen, and oral medications if any. This injection must be injected into the sub-cutaneous route; if injected into intravenously, or into muscle it may decrease the blood sugar levels than the normal levels.
• Avoid using the same syringe or catheter; do not expose them to sunlight or extreme cold, or fire, the preparation may be affected completely.
• Do not change the types of insulin on the advice of friends or family members; better seek medical help if in case of change in the medication.
• Sterilize the needles, or use disposable needles in order to prevent transmission of infections or growth of microorganisms. There might be many side effects that may affect the patients when they use this medication like muscle pain, drowsiness, severe headache and even fainting.
Insulin signaling pathway
Insulin is the natural anabolic hormone, which regulates carbohydrate mechanism, tissue development, maintenance of the body, and organism homeostasis. After a meal or drink; the Langerhans play an important role in release of insulin in the body. The release of the insulin levels from the beta cells of the pancreas mainly depend upon the insulin signaling pathway carried by the insulin receptors.
Insulin receptors: The activity of the insulin is mainly regulated by the insulin receptors; when ever the insulin is released they bind to the surface of the receptor. The receptor site is with two alpha subunits and two beta subunits. After the insulin binding, it undergoes intramolecular transphosphorylation. The carboxylic acid terminal end of insulin (as it is a protein) will undergo Mitogenic actions. The kinanes act as catalysts to the rector activity.
Mechanism of signaling: The insulin receptor may be of two types proximal and downstream. The following are the various changes occurred in human body due to insulin signaling.
• Glucose uptake and storage: after binding to the site; insulin changes its structure, and undergoes autophosphorylation. Thereby the production of glucose and storage by the liver is inhibited by the insulin.
• Regulation of protein synthesis: Inhibits protein degradation and appearance of Ketones in urine.
• Lipid synthesis: The uptake of the metabolized fats is stored in the liver.
• Mitogenic responses
Termination of signaling pathway: Negative regulators; these terminate the signaling pathway and prevents conversion of excessive glucose to glycogen in liver, and simple molecules in blood stream
Treatment for type1 diabetes
The amount of glucose present in the glucose is known as blood glucose level. Glucose is the foremost cause of energy in the body’s cells and is passed to each and every cell in the body through the blood stream. The hormone insulin permits the glucose to obtain into the cells. In type 1 diabetes, the body is not able to produce insulin for no longer; as a result the glucose can’t obtain into the body’s cells. This makes the blood glucose level to increase.
Treatment aims for children with diabetes are to manage the condition in a way that reduces symptoms, avoids little – and prolonged- period health troubles, and assists them to have usual physical, mental, emotional, and common growth and advancement. To accomplish this, parents and children be supposed to plan for the target of keeping blood sugar levels as near to usual as possible.
Generally, children with type 1 diabetes require to:
• receive insulin as approved
• consume a healthful, balanced diet, paying particular concentration to the quantity of carbohydrates in every meal and the diabetes meal strategy
• make sure blood sugar levels more than a few times a day
• obtain regular physical activity
Following the treatment strategy assists children live healthy; however curing diabetes is not similar as curing it. At present, there is no medication for diabetes, so children with type 1 diabetes will require treatment for the through out their life. Although with personal care, they should appear and experience healthy and continue to live long, beneficial lives, simply like other children.
Diabetes and Yoga
Diabetes is related to carbohydrate metabolism, this disorder is due to the malfunctioning of the insulin hormone. The patients suffer with excessive thirst, frequent urination, and excessive hunger. Type-II diabetes can be easily treated with yoga, as this disease is caused by the life style and some stress related conditions. The following are the treatments for the type-II diabetes, if practiced at slow speed; it offers benefits of asana;
Ø Salutations to God Sun: This is the important exercise for the diabetes patients; this salutation increases the blood circulation and insulin secretions in the body. The results are good when the patient practices at least 3 rounds per minute.
Ø Asanas: Different types of body positions are maintained for long time; thus the muscle relaxes, and blood circulates freely in the body. Due to various twists, and strains made by the body increases the blood and oxygen supply. When the body is subjected to complete strain this increases the efficiency of the glands and endocrine system. Vajrasana, Pavan Muktasana, Halasana, Ardhamatsyendrasana; these Asanas are found to be useful on pancreas and also helps in increasing the insulin function.
Ø Pranayana: These are 8 Asanas helps in maintaining the nostril breathing, reduces stress, calming effect on brain, mind and nervous system. Some Asanas they help in increasing the oxygen levels in the body, and decrease the carbon dioxide levels.
Ø Meditation: this is mainly practiced to manage the stress. In the case of diabetes, concentrating on pancreas helps even to visualize the proper functioning of the gland, insulin administration can treat the body.
Ø Yoga nidra and cleansing process are the final steps.
Diabetic Neuropathy
Diabetic neuropathy is a general difficulty of diabetes, in which nerves are harmed as an outcome of high blood sugar levels “hyperglycemia”.
Causes of Nerves Harm
Person with diabetes generally grow up temporary or lasting harm to nerve tissue. Nerve damage are happened by reduced blood circulation and high blood sugar levels, and are extra likely to grow up if blood sugar levels are not well controlled.
A few people with diabetes will not grow nerve injury, whereas others might grow up this state early. Usually, indications start 10 to 20 years after the diabetes diagnosis. About 50 percent of people with diabetes will ultimately grow up nerve damage.
Peripheral nerve damage might affect nerves in the cranium (cranial nerves) or nerves from the spinal column and their branches. This kind of nerve damage (neuropathy) looks after to grow up in levels.
Autonomic neuropathies affect the nerves that control very important functions, as well as the heart muscle and smooth muscles.
Symptoms
Digestive area:
- Constipation
- Nausea and vomiting
- Swallowing difficulty
- Diarrhea
Legs and arms:
- Deep pain, most commonly in the feet and legs
- Muscle cramps
- Tingling or burning sensation in the extremities, particularly the feet
- Loss of the sense of warm or cold
- Numbness (if the nerves are severely damaged, you may be unaware that a blister or minor wound has become infected)
- Weakness
Other symptoms:
- Drooping mouth
- Drooping face
- Drooping eyelid
- Giddiness
- Impotence or Erectile Dysfunction
- Loss of bladder control
- Light-headedness when standing up (orthostatic hypotension)
- Rapid heart rate
- Speech impairment
- Vision changes
Note: indications differ depending on the nerves affected, and might add in indications other than those listed. Symptoms generally grown up slowly over years.
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Call your health care provider or doctor if you grow up indications of diabetic neuropathy.
